A Case Study of the Relationship Between Traditional Chinese Feng Shui Theory and the Design Philosophy of Guozhuang in Hangzhou
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54097/qqk32r98Keywords:
Case Study; Traditional Feng Shui Theory; Guozhuang; Garden Design; Classical Chinese Gardens.Abstract
Background: As an important component of traditional Chinese architecture, Feng Shui theory profoundly influenced the design of historic gardens and buildings and embodies the philosophical ideal of harmonious coexistence between humanity and nature. Guozhuang in Hangzhou, a representative historic garden beside West Lake, integrates natural scenery with humanistic art and exemplifies the Jiangnan private-garden principle of revealing expansiveness within a limited space. Objective: This study examines how traditional Feng Shui theory shaped the design philosophy and practice of Guozhuang, with particular attention to garden layout, aesthetics, and function. Methods: Using a case-study approach, the research combines a systematic literature review, field investigation, and expert interviews to analyze Guozhuang's geographical setting, spatial layout, landscape elements, and planting design, and to identify their connections with traditional Feng Shui concepts. Results: Guozhuang's overall organization follows Feng Shui principles through its north-south orientation, skillful use of borrowed scenery, and carefully composed water and rockery systems, thereby creating a harmonious relationship between people and nature. Architectural details, including the arrangement of doors and windows and the decorative program, also express ideas of guiding qi and balancing energies, strengthening both the garden's spatial atmosphere and its aesthetic value. Conclusion: Traditional Feng Shui theory played an important role in Guozhuang's design. It enriches the cultural meaning of the garden and offers theoretical and practical guidance for contemporary landscape design, while supporting the protection and transmission of traditional culture.
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